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Classroom Items	Romaji
eraser	keshigomu
chalkboard	kokuban
chalkboard eraser	kokubankeshi
chalk	chooku
pencil	enpitsu
pen	pen
map	chizu
book	hon
bookcase	hondana
dictionary	jisho
encyclopedia	hyakkajiten
ruler	jougi
school bag	tsuugaku kaban
paper	kami
desk	tsukue
chair	isu
pencil sharpener	enpitsukezuri
textbook	kyoukasho
notebook	choumen
assignment book	shukudai chou
homework/assignment	shukudai
test	shiken
computer	konpyuutaa

Parts of a School	Romaji
classroom	kyoushitsu
gym	taiikukan
hallway	rouka
lab	jikkenshitsu
library	toshokan / toshoshitsu
main office	jimushitsu
professor's office	kenkyuushitsu
playground/school yard	koutei
dorm room	ryou
bathroom/toilet room	toire

People in School	Romaji
student	gakusei/seito
teacher	kyoushi
teacher (form of address)	sensei
principal	kouchou - sensei
vice principal	kyouto - sensei
classmate	kyuuyuu
schoolmate	gakuyuu
librarian	toshokanin
janitor	youmuin
professor	kyouju
university president	gakuchou
transfer student	tenkousei
senior (elder) student	senpai
first year student	ichinensei
second year student	ninensei
third year student	sannensei
fourth year student	yonensei

You will notice that many of the school subjects end in gaku. Gaku means "study of" in this case and is similar to the "ology" that is attached to some English subjects.

Subjects	Romaji
accounting	kaikeigaku
algebra	daisuugaku
anatomy	kaibougaku
anthropology	jinruigaku
archeology	koukogaku
architecture	kenchikugaku
art	bijutsu
astronomy	tenmongaku
biology	seibutsugaku
botany	shokubutsugaku
calculus	bisekibungaku
chemistry	kagaku
economics	keizai
engineering	kougaku
foreign language	gaikokugo
geography	chiri
geology	chishitsugaku
geometry	kikagaku
history	rekishi
law	hougaku
literature	bungaku
math	suugaku
medicine	igaku
music	ongaku
philosophy	tetsugaku
physics	butsurigaku
psychology	seirigaku
science	kagaku
sociology	shakaigaku
statistics	toukeigaku
trigonometry	sankakuhou
zoology	doubutsugaku